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Registration Number

0217U002649, 0112U001363 , R & D reports

Title

Phenotypic plasticity and biological systems functioning in the Azov-Black Sea basin coastal waters in the terms of negative natural and anthropogenic factors.

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Head

Zolotarev Valentyn M,

Registration Date

08-06-2017

Organization

Institute of Marine Biology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

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Research report: 185 pp, Figure 92, Table 46, 1 application 166 references. The object of the study is the hydrobionts of the coastal waters of the Azov-Black Sea basin. The aim of the work is to reveal the regularities of phenotypic plasticity and the functioning of biological systems at different levels of their organization (individual species, populations and groups of hydrobionts) under the conditions of actions of negative natural and anthropogenic factors. Research methods - hydrobiological methods for assessing the state of aquatic organisms, it communities in various ecological niches. Most of the researches was carried out in the coastal areas of the northwestern part of the Black Sea and in the Molochny Liman of the Azov Sea on a wide range of objects, including phyto-, zooplankton, and meroplankton, amphipods, isopods, polychaetes, mollusks, ichthyofauna, aquatic vegetation. The main attention was paid to assessing the impact of the most large-scale factors on hydrobionts-eutrophication, changes in salinity and an abnormal rise in sea-water temperature, the hypoxia and the seasonal thermocline, and also a complex of regional economic activities in the coastal areas of the sea - the creation of hydro-constructions, discharges to the sea of sewage and drainage water and others. We have established differences in the results of the influence of the same negative factor on organisms of different species or different phenotypes. Due to the abnormally high temperature of the marine environment in 2010, when the mass death of mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis in the periphyton populations of mollusks, has sharply increased the abundance of shellfish Mytilaster lineatus. These abnormal climatic conditions, negative for many hydrobionts, however, contributed to the maximum development of the population of amphipoda A. diadema in the Odessa Gulf. They also called anomalous bloom of blue-green and dinoflagellates, while there was a strong inhibition of macrophyte communities. For mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis were detected the phenotypic differences in filtration activity in different water salinity levels, growth rate and mortality rates in different depths, in conditions of the seasonal thermocline and waters hypoxia. The physiological diversity of the Black Sea mussels enhances the possibility of the existence of mollusk's population on the edge of its range in the conditions of desalinity and water eutrophication. Salinity of waters is the determining factor for creating a wide phenetic diversity in the populations of the euryhaline crustacean Artemia parthenogenetica. Fluctuations in the salinity of the Molochny Liman of the Azov Sea waters due to changes in water exchange between the liman and the sea, Hydrometeorological conditions have a significant influence on the structure of the ichthyocenosis of the estuary. The effect of natural factors is enhanced by significant anthropogenic changes in the hydroecosystem. The dependencies obtained between biological and hydrological indices can be used for further studies of the patterns of formation of the structure and functioning of marine ecosystems, for further studies of the state of bioresources, the adaptive potential of key ecological species, for predictive assessments of the state of populations of aquatic organisms, especially in connection with the need to identify the biological consequences of changes in environmental conditions, monitoring the status of the ecosystem filtration link and the fodder base of commercial fish. PHENOTYPES, HYDROBIONTES, ANOMALOUS ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS, MORPHOFUNCTIONAL PLASTICITY, AZOVA-BLACK SEA BASIN.

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Бондаренко О.С.
Варігін О.Ю.
Говорін І.О.
Демченко В.О.
Дядичко В.Г.
Дятлов С.Є.
Зотов А.Б.
Калашнік К.С.
Кошелев О.В.
Кудренко С.А.
Куракін О.П.
Мігас Р.В.
Мінічева Г.Г.
Рибалко О.А.
Сон М.О.
Стадніченко С.В.
Фіногенова Н.Л.
Хуторной С.О.
Шацилло О.І.
Шурова Н.М.

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2020-04-02