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Information × Registration Number 0209U008508, 0106U005601 , R & D reports Title Ethno-cultural communications of the steppe populations in the Early Bronze Age from the Pre-Ural region to the Dnieper river area popup.stage_title Head Rassamakin Iu.Ia., Registration Date 27-05-2009 Organization Institute of Archaeology National Ukrainian Acadamy of Sciences popup.description2 The basic aim of project is a complex investigation of the Pit-Grave cultural-historical unity of the Early Bronze Age in the Black Sea steppe (Ukraine). The investigations consist of two important directions: 1 - the study of the archaeological aspects of Pit-Grave culture, at first at the one of its key distribution area between Dnieper river and Don river; 2 - bioarchaelogical study of the human bones from the burials in mounds including the pathology, isotopic and DNA analysis. A data base of the Pit-Grave culture burials was created (3 thousand graves). The huge work about data base of the anthropological materials from the collections at the Institute of archaeology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in Kyiv is providing also. This work is still in progress. The radiocarbon dating of the Pit-Grave culture in context of the Late Eneolithic cultures and the Catacomb cultures (firstly so-called Ingul Catacomb culture) of the Middle Bronze Age took a special place in the project. The new series of the radiocarbon dates (55 dates) for the burials in their stratigraphical context from the Eneolithic to the Middle Bronze Age was received at the Kyiv Radiocarbon Laboratory. We have created an etalon of the absolute chronology scale. The critical analysis of the previously radiocarbon dates (225) are presented also. It is possible to date the Pit-Grave culture between 3000/2900 - 2500/2400 cal.BC. The memorials of the so-called Repin Khutor culture are presenting the Late Eneolithic period in the area between the Dnieper and Don rivers. The study of the cultural interrelations between the Pit-Grave cultures and its neighbors (the Middle Dnieper culture of the Ukrainian forest-steppe, the local cultures of the Kuban' river area and Volga are) is presented in the project also. The data base of the burials of so-called Early Catacomb type was created also. It consist of 600 hundred burials from the 260 mounds in the Ingul river, Dnieper and Azov steppe area and the Crimea. These memorials are showing the transformation of the Pit-Grave culture and finishing the development it at the area between Dnieper and Don rivers. In the Volga region during this time the Poltavkinskaya culture has formed. The study of the Late Eneolithic burials which are earlier of the Pit-Grave culture is showing the time and specific process of the formation of the Pit-Grave culture in the Black Sea steppe. As results there are possibilities to compare this process with situations in the other regions, especially in the Volga-Ural area. There are evidences to explain the Pit-Grave culture as a complex cultural transformation of the different local cultural groups, but not as a migration of the one of somehow cultural groups from the East to the West. The bioarchaeological investigations were provided by anthropologists of Institute archaeology of NASU on the base of human bones from the burials of the Pit-Grave and Catacomb cultures. The professional and home work pathology of the skeletons, illnesses of joints and spine, traumas were one of directions of the bones study. The traumas of the skulls including the trepanations phenomenon are presenting a special interest in the investigations of the skeletons. Besides 35 fragments of bones from the different burials were transfered to the Germany for the isotopic and DNA analysis (the investigation still in process). The results of the project will be published in the special book., 16 papers about results of project investigation have published. Product Description popup.authors popup.nrat_date 2020-04-02 Close