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Information × Registration Number 0214U006770, 0113U003651 , R & D reports Title Physical and chemical characteristics of Lunar dust underlying the specificity of interaction with technical systems and biological objects and conditions of formation and dynamics of dusty plasma in the near surface Lunar exosphere. popup.stage_title Head Borisova Tatiana Alexandrovna, Registration Date 18-02-2014 Organization A.V.Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of National Academy of Sciences popup.description2 During the reporting period, research was focused on analysis of the effects of Llunar and Martian dust stimulants on accumulation and release of L-[14C]glutamate from brain nerve terminals. Analogues of Lunar (JSC-1a, Lunar Soil Simulant, Orbitec Orbital Technologies Corporation, Madison, Wisconsin , USA) and Martian (JSC, Mars-1A, ORBITEC Orbital Technologies Corporation, Madison, Wisconsin , USA) dust were characterized by photon correlation spectroscopy and the average particle size was determined (including minor fraction of particles with a small diameter) before and after sonication . The method of laser correlation spectroscopy showed that the diameter of the nerve terminal (synaptosomes) increased after the addition of Lunar dust simulant. The increase in the average diameter of synaptosomes after the addition of simulants demonstrates the binding of particles with nerve terminals. At the same time, it is shown that the Lunar and Martian dust simulants do not affect the accumulation of L-[14C]glutamate by nerve terminals. However, in the presence of Lunar dust stimulants in low Na+ media the binding of L-[14C]glutamate to nerve endings was increased. Duration of dust exposure in the long-term missions, particularly in combination with other factors harmful to humans, including modified gravity, radiation , UV , etc., may enhance its harmful effects. It is very important to evaluate the impact of Lunar and Martian dust simulants on key characteristics of glutamatergic neurotransmission under conditions hypergravity. Therefore, experiments were conducted using synaptosomes obtained from rats after hypergravity loading (10 g for 1 h). It is shown that the Lunar and Martian dust simulants do not affect the accumulation of L-[14C]glutamate in synaptosomes isolated from rats subjected to hypergravity. In the presence of Lunar dust simulants in low concentration of Na+ the binding of L-[14C]glutamate to nerve terminals isolated from rat brain increased after exposed to gravitational stress. Product Description popup.authors А.Г. Назарова Л.О. Касаткіна Н.В. Крисанова О.О. Крупко Р.В. Сівко popup.nrat_date 2020-04-02 Close