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Information × Registration Number 0216U003423, 0111U003396 , R & D reports Title To study genetical diversity in maize relative to carbohydrate composition of grains and to determine the direction of its effective use in breeding for produce quality popup.stage_title Head Popov Vitalii Mykolaiovych, Registration Date 03-03-2016 Organization PLANT PRODUCTION INSTITUTE ND. A. V. YA. YURYEV NATIONAL ACADEMY OF AGRАRIAN SCIENCES OF UKRAINE popup.description2 Research Object - genetic regulation of grain quality traits in maize. Research Purpose - to determine biochemical effects of mutant genes of maize endosperm structure, assessment of physiological consequences of improving carbohydrate composition of maize grain, development of methods for creating lines and hybrids with genetically improved carbohydrate composition of grain and technologies of multipurpose industrial use of them. Methods - genetic, biochemical and statistical analysis. In a series of lines - sources of mutant o2, sh1, sh2, su1, su2, se, wx and ae genes of maize endosperm structure, effects of non-allelic interactions of these were genes analyzed; biochemical effects of endosperm mutations on the basic features of grain quality and expressivity of these mutations in different maize genotypes were described. Morphological and anatomical features of starch granules in grain of endosperm maize mutants were evaluated. In lines-carriers of endosperm mutations, the interaction 'gene-genotype' was analyzed in terms of productivity and major grain quality parameters, and a possibility of their improvement through the use of biochemical effects of endosperm structure mutant genes was established. In seven systems of diallel crosses of lines-carriers of endosperm sh1, sh2, su1, su2, se, wx and ae mutations, productivity, its elements and contents of major forms of carbohydrates were genetically analyzed, morphological and anatomical features of starch granules were evaluated, effects of combining ability of mutant lines and genetic variance components were evaluated for these traits. Patterns of contents of protein, oil, and major forms of carbohydrates in ripening maize grain gene were analyzed in o2su2 and o2wx gene combination carriers. Physiological consequences of improvement of carbohydrate composition of grain were evaluated, and the total antioxidant activity was determined in seeds of lines-carriers of different mutant genes responsible for maize endosperm structure - wx, ae, su1, su2, se and sh1. Mutant lines with protein content in grain of 16%, oil content of 14%, oleic acid glyceride content in oil of 42%, amylopectin content in starch of 99.4%, amylose content in starch of 65.3%, sugar content in technically ripe grain of 8%, and water-soluble polysaccharide content of 6% were selected. A special collection of maize inbred lines derived from endosperm mutations, which includes 168 lines, was registered in the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine (Certificate No 114 dd February 18, 2011). High lysine maize F1 hybrid 'Twister' (FAO 300) and supersugar maize variety 'Nika' (FAO 320) were transferred to the state variety trials. F1 hybrids 'Snezhnaya Koroleva' (Certificate No 110090), 'Marichka' (Certificate Nor 130273), 'Solo' (Certificate No 140293), 'Binom' (Certificate No 141095), parent forms of F1 hybrid 'Solo' line MS 12 (Certificate No 140292) and MS 401 (Certificate No 140291) as well as supersugar maize variety 'Biliavka' (Certificate No 130378) were entered in the State Register of Varieties of Ukraine. Scope of Application: maize breeding for grain quality Product Description popup.authors Анциферова Ольга Василівна Деребізова Ольга Юріївна Поздняков Володимир Васильович popup.nrat_date 2020-04-02 Close