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Registration Number

0223U000448, 0122U000550 , R & D reports

Title

Improvement of soft winter wheat by genetic engineering and marker-assisted selection to increase its potential productivity and adaptive potential to adverse environmental conditions

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Head

Morhun Volodymyr V., Доктор біологічних наук

Registration Date

07-01-2023

Organization

Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

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 As a result of the work carried out, the fundamental and practical principles of improving soft winter wheat by methods of genetic engineering and marker-assisted selection were developed to increase its potential productivity and adaptive potential to adverse environmental conditions, which are based on the detection of individual and gene complexes related to productivity , grain quality and resistance to environmental stress factors. It is shown that the introgression of the Gpc-B1 gene into the genetic environment of Ukrainian varieties led to a 3% increase in the protein content of the grain compared to the original Kuyalnik variety. A promising breeding material with the Gpc-B1 gene was created, which is not inferior to the grain yield of the standard variety, and has improved characteristics both in terms of the protein content in the grain and its quality. The effect of the Gpc-B1 gene on the flour sedimentation index was revealed, which at the optimal grain protein content is positively, at a high level (r=0.9), correlated with the key characteristics of the baking quality of wheat flour, such as its "strength" and dough elasticity index. The influence of new exotic alleles of spare protein loci, introduced from wild species, on the basic selection traits of wheat grain quality, in particular flour "strength" and dough elasticity index, was determined. It was found that winter wheat varieties with high adaptive potential differ in the higher amount of water-soluble carbohydrates remobilized during the period from milk to full maturity in all internodes. The use of carbon deposited in the stem contributes to the partial compensation of the decrease in the number of current photoassimilates caused by the inhibition of photosynthesis by drought, which is evidenced by the significant correlation of the mass of 1000 grains with the amount of remobilized water-soluble carbohydrates.

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Velikozon Lyudmila Grigorivna
Dubrovna Oksana Vasilivna
Morgun Bogdan Volodimsrovich
Morgun Volodumur Vasiliovuch
Pryadkina Galina Oleksiivna
Radchenko Oleksiy Mikolayovich
Rubalra Oleksandr Illich
Sandetska Nadiya Vasilivna
Skripliov Volodimir Oleksandrovich
Yakimchuk Ruslan Andriyovich

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2023-01-07