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0224U000394,
0121U000052
,
15.01.00.07.F Theoretical substantiation of scientific bases of creation of initial material of ecologically-plastic hybrids of corn adapted to modern climatic conditions of cultivation
Bilonozhko Volodymyr Ya., Доктор сільськогосподарських наук
06-01-2024
Cherkasy State The Agricultural Experimental Station of National Scientific Center "Institute of Agriculture of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine"
In the reporting year, crossing, self-pollination and purposeful selection of the best genotypes in terms of productivity were carried out, morphological and physiological signs were studied. The total amount of manual crossings and reproductions by inbreeding during the research period is 930 heads. The selection of new inbred lines was carried out, which, according to the genetic variability of traits: the weight and length of the cob, the number of rows of grains, the number of rows of grains significantly exceed the standard in terms of indicators. The maximum weight of the cob was observed in 14 lines and was 177.7−213.7 g. Based on the morphobiological characteristics and evaluation of the set of features of the corn collection samples, the length of the period from the appearance of seedlings to the flowering of 75% of the panicles was determined, and early ripe samples were selected. 53 new hybrid combinations were obtained as a result of crossings involving the best lines of our own selection. The grain type in most of the received samples is tooth-shaped and siliceous-tooth-shaped, the cobs are well-rounded, multi-rowed, productive. In 2023, the competitive nursery included two variants of the experiment (43 hybrids). 10 hybrids (27.0%) significantly exceed the standards, namely: 5 hybrids in the early ripening group (38.5%) and 5 hybrids in the mid-ripening group (20.8%), respectively. In the early ripening group, the two best simple hybrids of corn D 1/3 and D 2/6 are being tested. Grain yield at 14% humidity is 10.4/11.5 t/ha, grain yield is 80.7/81.3 t/ha, humidity during the harvesting period is 18.0/15.5%, respectively. In the control nursery in 2023, 73 corn hybrids of different maturity groups, including 9 standards, were studied. In the early-ripening group, 26 new hybrid combinations were evaluated, in the medium-ripening group, 38 combinations were studied.
Vynogradova Oksana M.
Opanasiuk Oksana A.
Torbaniuk Mariia V.
2024-01-06
Updated: 2025-12-19
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