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Registration Number

0224U032729, (0124U004943) , R & D reports

Title

Development of a system of monitoring, molecular-genetic control of Bacillus Anthracis and new approaches to the sanitation of soil and environmental objects

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Розробка системи моніторингу сибірки

Head

Bolotin Vitalii І., Кандидат ветеринарних наук

Registration Date

03-12-2024

Organization

State Scientific-Control Institute of Biotechnology and strains of microorganisms

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The purpose of the work is to develop a system of monitoring, molecular genetic control of Bacillus anthracis and new approaches to the sanitation of soil and environmental objects. Study of the impact of metal and non-metal nanoparticles and their compositions on Bacillus anthracis spores; development on their basis of new disinfectants for decontamination of Bacillus anthracis spores in soil and environmental objects.

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 The available reporting data due to anthrax of the State Service of Ukraine for Food Safety and Consumer Protection and the State Research Institute for Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise were analyzed. As well as literature sources were analyzed, which indicate that since 1994, Ukraine has been experiencing a stable trend towards a decrease in the number of anthrax outbreaks. However, military operations will have a negative impact on maintaining this stability in the future. There are 4,630 anthrax burial sides on the territory of our country. 80 of them are located directly in the combat zone in Donetsk region, 108 in Zaporizhia, 275 in Luhansk, 251 in Sumy, 338 in Kharkiv, 161 in Kherson, 336 in Chernihiv, 193 in Mykolaiv. Monitoring studies indicate a high prevalence rate of stationary anthrax hotspots in all regions where there have been or are ongoing hostilities. A context analysis of publications on sampling rules, preparation of soil samples and environmental objects for molecular genetic studies, and the main biological properties of Bacillus anthracis was conducted. 177 outbreaks and 637 single cases of infected animals (cattle, wild animals, pigs, horses, wild and fur animals, dogs) were also analyzed (3.59 animals per outbreak). In 59.9% of cases, cattle were infected, 146 locations were affected, which was 82.4% of all affected locations during the study period. Cases among other animal species ranged from 0.02–4.4% of the total number of cases detected in 1–16 affected locations. Determination of the resistance of various isolates and strains of the anthrax pathogen to antibiotics and disinfectants showed that epizootic isolates of Bacillus anthracis and vaccine strains are sensitive to most antibiotics.

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Derevianko Stanislav V.
Deriabin Oleh M.
Pinchuk Nataliia H.