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Registration Number

0224U032862, (0124U003912) , R & D reports

Title

Physiological-biochemical, haematological and reproductive mechanisms of adaptation of fish in conditions of long-term radionuclide contamination of water bodies

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Фізіолого-біохімічні, гематологічні та репродуктивні механізми адаптації риб в умовах тривалого радіонуклідного забруднення водойм

Head

Gudkov Dmytro I., д.б.н.

Registration Date

09-12-2024

Organization

Institute of Hydrobiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

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Research of physiological-biochemical, hematological and reproductive mechanisms of adaptation of fish to chronic exposure to increased levels of ionizing radiation in reservoirs of the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone. Study of the mechanisms of formation of plasticity and stability in representatives of fish of various ecological groups, as well as the mobilization of protective functions, metabolic changes and the ability of the fish organism to reproduce.

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The object of the study is the impact of long-term radionuclide contamination on biosystems of different levels of organization. The purpose of the work is to study the physiological, biochemical, hematological and reproductive mechanisms of fish adaptation to chronic exposure to elevated levels of ionizing radiation in water bodies of the Chernobyl exclusion zone. Research methods are hydrobiological and radioecological sampling methods; spectrometric and radiochemical methods for analyzing the activity concentration of radionuclides in components of aquatic ecosystems; dosimetric methods for analyzing the absorbed dose of ionizing radiation; morphometric, production, cytogenetic, hematological, physiological and biochemical methods of assessing radiation effects. Studies of the hematopoietic system of fish in the Chernobyl zone suggest that it responds to prolonged chronic irradiation by activating compensatory and adaptive processes, which are manifested in a change in the number of leukocytes due to the redistribution of agranulocyte and granulocyte cells in the leukogram. Along with this, a significant increase in pathological changes in the structure of the nuclei and cytoplasm of erythrocytes was registered. Radiation exposure, the impact of which exceeds the permissible capabilities of the body, causes a significant reduction in the absolute number of leukocytes (mainly due to lymphocytes), which leads to a deterioration in the body's immunity. In fish from the Chernobyl zone, an increased morpho-physiological index of the liver was registered, which indicates its increased activity, which is aimed at weakening the negative effects of the environment. Previous biochemical studies have shown that fish from the Chernobyl zone are characterized by an increase in lipid peroxidation with increased activity of the antioxidant system at increased absorbed dose rates.

Product Description

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Beliaiev Volodymyr V.
Hupalo Olena O.
Menkovska Mariia O.
Pomortseva Nataliia A.
Potrokhov Oleksandr S.
Pryshliak Serhii P.
Khudiiash Yurii M.

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2024-12-09