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Registration Number

0225U000620, (0122U000651) , R & D reports

Title

Toxicological and hygienic studies of metal nanoparticles and assessment of the risk of their adverse effects on workers’ health

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Гігієнічна оцінка умов праці, рівня захворюваності працівників металургійного виробництва, дослідження токсичності наночастинок металів та оцінка ризику їх несприятливого впливу на здоров'я працюючих.

Head

Trakhtenberh Isaak M., Доктор медичних наук

Registration Date

15-01-2025

Organization

Kundiev Institute of Occupational Health of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine

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Аssessment of the risk of adverse effects of metal nanoparticles on metallurgical workers based on the results of comprehensive toxicological and hygienic studies, identification of their toxicity in in vitro and in vivo experiments, hygienic assessment of occupational conditions and health

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The determination of the content of dust, particulate matter (PM), and ultra-dispersed particles in the air was performed using the KANOMAX 3521 and NanoScan SMPS 3910 devices, while its chemical composition was determined by the ICP OES using Optima 2100 DV device. Research results indicated that employees of the main shops of PJSC Zaporizhstal are consistently exposed to harmful physical and chemical factors within the production environment. Measurements showed that maximum permissible concentrations were exceeded for industrial dust, iron and manganese, PM4 and PM10 particles, and ultra-dispersed particles <100 nm. Occupational diseases were recorded among workers in the blast furnace shop (20.0%), open-hearth shop (11.4%), and sintering shop (11.4%), with respiratory diseases comprising 63.7% of the cases. In terms of absolute risk (AR) for developing occupational lung diseases, the open-hearth shop ranked first (AR=0.0079), followed by the blast furnace shop (AR=0.0075), and the sintering shop (AR=0.0071). The total non-carcinogenic risk of chemical exposure on workers' health was highest in the blast furnace shop (43.5), followed by the open-hearth shop (25.4), and the lowest in the sintering shop (15.4). The risk of exposure to PM10 and PM4 with a hazard coefficient (HQ) was deemed hazardous and highly hazardous. The impact of ultra-dispersed industrial aerosol on workers' health in the sintering and blast furnace shops was classified as hazardous (HQ=3.8 and HQ=2.2, respectively), while the open-hearth shop presented a highly hazardous impact (HQ=7.9). In experimental studies on rats, intratracheal administration of ultra-dispersed ferroalloy powders confirmed toxic effects on the lungs, leading to inflammation and fibrosis. Based on comprehensive toxicological and hygienic studies, a technology was developed to assess the risks posed by hazardous factors in a metallurgical enterprise to the health of employees in the main workshops.

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Andrusyshyna Iryna M.
Herasimova Olha V.
Dmytrukha Nataliia M.
Zaitseva Liudmyla M.
Kozlov Kostiantyn P.
Lehkostup Liudmyla A.
Vasyl M. Riabovol
Khomenko Olha I.

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2025-01-15