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Registration Number

0225U004199, (0121U100599) , R & D reports

Title

Develop scientifically sound approaches to ecologically safe protection of sugar beet crops and niche crops taking into account climate change

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Розробити науково обґрунтовані підходи екологічно безпечного захисту посівів буряків цукрових і нішевих культур з урахуванням змін клімату

Head

Makukh Yaroslav Р., Доктор сільськогосподарських наук

Registration Date

25-11-2025

Organization

Institute of Bioenergy Crops and Sugar Beet of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine

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The aim of the work is to develop scientifically sound concepts of ecologically safe protection of sugar beet crops and niche crops taking into account climate change.

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During the reporting period, a set of studies was carried out aimed at improving the weed control system in sugar beet and winter pea crops under the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The species composition and structure of weed infestation in agrocenoses were identified, the seed potential of the soil seed bank was determined, and the viability of the most common weed species was assessed. It was proven that dicotyledonous weeds (Chenopodium album, Amaranthus retroflexus, Thlaspi arvense) were dominant, while among monocotyledonous weeds Elytrigia repens and Echinochloa crus-galli prevailed. In the control variants without crop protection, the weed biomass reached 2976 g/m², which led to a critical reduction in sugar beet yield (1.1 t/ha) and a decrease in root sugar content to 12.94%. Herbicide application reduced weed biomass by 89.5–91.3% and ensured yields at the level of 65.4–67.3 t/ha with a sugar content of 17.6%. The highest productivity level (75.8 t/ha with a sugar content of 17.99%) was achieved under complete weed control. In winter pea crops, the effectiveness of herbicide application at the BBCH 12–14 stage reached 85–92%, which contributed to an increase in seed yield by 22–28% compared to the untreated control. The research results are of significant scientific and practical importance: the peculiarities of weed component formation in agrocenoses have been clarified, the effectiveness of herbicide protection systems has been substantiated, and practical recommendations for integrated weed control in sugar beet and winter pea crops have been developed. This ensures higher crop yields and improved product quality, promotes the greening of agriculture, and strengthens the food security of Ukraine.

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2025-11-25