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Registration Number

0225U004233, (0124U003774) , R & D reports

Title

Active elements of complex architecture for novel high-power laser systems

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Масштабування керамічної технології для отримання великогабаритних оптичних елементів YAG:Sm3+, YAG:Nd3+. Розроблення технології дифузійного зрощування кераміки для створення активних елементів складної конструкції

Head

Yavetskyi Roman P., Доктор технічних наук

Registration Date

26-11-2025

Organization

Institute of Single Crystals of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

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The project goal is to develop diffusion bonding technology for the production of advanced YAG:Sm3+/YAG:Nd3+ laser elements with a complex structure. The successful achievement of the project tasks' will enable the development of cutting-edge, scientifically intensive critical technologies that will contribute to the enhancement of the country's defense capabilities.

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The influence of the structural and morphological parameters of the initial stoichiometric YAG:Sm3+ and YAG:Nd3+ nanopowders on their sintering activity has been established. The efficiency of combined milling of Y2O3 (2–10 μm) and Al2O3 (0.1–0.4 μm) powders of different sizes increases significantly in the presence of particles sized 100–130 nm, which is associated with the proppant effect, whereby the fine particle fraction facilitates the breakdown of hard agglomerates. The chemical composition of non-isovalent dopants that promote the sintering of YAG:Sm3+ and YAG:Nd3+ optical ceramics has been optimized. Co-doping garnet optical ceramics with Si4++Mg2+ at CSi/CMg=1.6 activates diffusion processes and enhances densification due to the simultaneous formation of defects in both the cation and anion sublattices. The processing regimes for producing highly doped YAG:Sm3+ and YAG:Nd3+ ceramic samples were determined. Optical-quality ceramics with dimensions of up to 9×6×50 mm³ were synthesized by reactive sintering of powders prepared using an optimized ball-milling route (milling speed: 120–140 rpm, corresponding to a specific milling energy of 0.8–1.3 kJ/g). Large-size YAG:Sm3+ and YAG:Nd3+ optical elements were fabricated by precision polishing to laser quality. The laser-grade polishing technique ensures the production of blanks with high functional surface parameters: surface roughness Ra≤30 nm and flatness of at least λ/8. The technological conditions for diffusion bonding of YAG:Nd3+ and YAG:Sm3+ optical elements have been optimized. A method for diffusion joining of ceramic optical elements using a silicon-containing liquid interlayer has been proposed, enabling the fabrication of YAG:Sm3+/YAG:Nd3+ composites at temperatures above the YAG–SiO2 eutectic temperature. A prototype of a complex-shaped YAG:Nd3+/YAG:Sm3+ active laser medium has been fabricated and characterized, demonstrating high mechanical strength and an interface optical quality better than 2%.

Product Description

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Oleksandr T. BUDNIKOV
Oksana O. MATVIIENKO
Anton E. BALABANOV
Serhii V. PARKHOMENKO
Ihor O. VORONA

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2025-11-26