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Registration Number

0225U004403, (0121U107681) , R & D reports

Title

Establishing regularities of crop formation and quality of beet seeds for growing by direct method (without planting) in the conditions of climate change of Forest-steppe of Ukraine

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Встановити закономірності формування урожаю та якості насіння буряків за вирощування direct method (безвисадковм) способом в умовах зміни клімату Лісостепу України

Head

Doronin Volodymyr А., Доктор сільськогосподарських наук

Registration Date

04-12-2025

Organization

Institute of Bioenergy Crops and Sugar Beet of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine

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Study of regularities of crop formation and quality of sugar beet seeds depending on conditions of its cultivation and passing of all stages of organogenesis and on the basis of theoretical researches to develop model of direct method (no-planting) way of cultivation in the conditions of climate change 98%.

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The aim of the study was to examine the possibility of forming seed yield and quality of sugar beet under non-irrigated conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Sowing dates were adjusted according to rainfall availability: either before precipitation or immediately after it. The phytosanitary condition of the stands before overwintering was satisfactory: no disease infection or pest damage was detected, and weed infestation was moderate. Field germination of both components was high. Depending on the sowing rates, field germination of the CMS (cytoplasmic male-sterile) component ranged from 70.0–75.3%, while the multigerm pollinator showed slightly lower values, 68.2–72.5%. Before overwintering, the biometric parameters of seed plants—which determine overwintering success—were as follows: root weight of the CMS component was 9.2 g, and of the multigerm pollinator 8.4 g; root diameter for both CMS and pollinator was 0.6 cm; sugar content was 7.6% for the CMS component and 7.3% for the pollinator. These values ensured plant survival in 2021–2024 of 76.7% for the CMS component and 73.2% for the pollinator. Seed quality indicators were as follows: for the variety Konstanta, germination energy was 83%, germination 86%; for the variety Okhtyrskyi, 70% and 74%, respectively. Seed soundness was 98.2% and 84.2% for the respective varieties. Seed soundness—the indicator reflecting the maximum attainable germination after pre-sowing industrial conditioning for the sowing fraction (3.5–4.5 mm)—was: Konstanta 96.9–97.3%, Okhtyrskyi 89.3%. Conclusion. Under global warming, in the unstable moisture zone of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe, there is potential to cultivate sugar beet seed using the non-transplanting method without irrigation. However, there is a risk of uneven seedling emergence due to moisture deficit during the sowing period. To prevent this, sowing should be planned with consideration of expected or possible rainfall events.

Product Description

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Viktoriia V. Dryha
Володимир А. Доронін
Kravchenko Yuliya A.
Volodymyr V. Doronin
Volodymyr O. Rybak

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2025-12-04