Updated: 2025-12-27
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0225U005196, (0121U108779) , R & D reports
The investigation of the structural state influence on the microstructural evolution optimization and increase of structural materials radiation resistance of the modern and future nuclear energy
Визначення факторів, сприяючих оптимізації мікроструктурної еволюції та підвищенню радіаційної стійкості конструкційних матеріалів ядерної енергетики.
Tolstolutska Halyna D., Доктор фізико-математичних наук
26-12-2025
National Science Center "Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology"
The purpose of research on the topic is to create a scientific basis for a successful practical solution to a number of problematic materials science issues on the mechanisms of radiation damage to nuclear materials due to radiation-induced evolution of microstructure and micro-composite composition for reaching the cost-effectivity and the safe operation of nuclear reactors
The objects of research and development are austenitic steels, ferritic-martensitic steels, and high-entropy and multicomponent alloys modified with dispersion-strengthening oxides (DSOs). The aim of this study is to summarize the results of experimental observations aimed at elucidating the mechanisms of radiation-induced swelling and strengthening processes in materials subjected to ion irradiation, as well as the aging of alloys, with an emphasis on the correlation between the effects of irradiation, thermal cycling, and changes in mechanical properties. Results obtained demonstrate the effectiveness of increasing the radiation resistance of structural materials through the targeted formation of a nanostructured state. It was established that nanoscale oxide dispersoids and carbide precipitates serve as localized centers of interaction between defects and inert gas atoms, redistributing the gas-defect load from the matrix, thereby reducing swelling and limiting degradation processes at grain boundaries. The identified differences in the behavior of oxide and carbide inclusions highlight the possibility of rationally selecting a phase composition for specific operating conditions and the potential for targeted combinations of different types of nanoparticles to optimize the structure. The established patterns provide scientific and technical guidelines for the development of materials resistant to extreme radiation exposure. Alloys with a BCC structure demonstrated ~50% less radiation hardening than austenitic reference steels, due to more efficient defect recombination and higher self-diffusion coefficients compared to alloys with an FCC structure. The hypothesis that the non-monotonic (with an extremum) change in the mechanical properties of the base metal of main circulation pipelines is due to modification of the grain substructure as a result of carbon accumulation during thermal aging of the metal has been experimentally confirmed.
Olena P. Bereznyak
Sergiy V. Gozhenko
Olena S. Solopikhina
Valeriy V. Ruzhytskyi
Bogdan S. Sungurov
Oleksandr S. Kalchenko
Arkadii V. Nikitin
Serhii O. Karpov
2025-12-26
Updated: 2025-12-27
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