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Information × Registration Number 0226U002233, (0124U001557) , R & D reports Title Study of descending regulation of sensory neuron activity in different types of dorsal horn surface laminae and lamina X, in normal conditions and in the development of chronic pain syndromes. popup.stage_title Встановлення ролі низхідних проекцій та гомо- та гетеросегментального пресинаптичного інгібуванні нейронів DH спинного мозку в нормі та при гострому болю. Head Romanenko Serhii V., Кандидат біологічних наук Registration Date 12-02-2026 Organization Bogomolets Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine popup.description1 A poor understanding of the mechanisms of chronic pain hinders effective treatment! The spinoparabrachial pathway (SPp) and rostral ventromedial area of the brainstem (RVM) are the key spinal cord structures and higher sensory processing areas, that are involved in the processing of nociceptive information and presumably in the formation of the pathological syndrome of chronic pain, yet their functions and connections remain poorly understood. This study aims to find out how pain information is processed and modulated in the SPp, RVM and other brain regions, as well as how different subgroups of RVM neurons are involved in the process of chronic pain of different etiologies. The project also aims to investigate changes in excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission in heterogeneous neurons of the dorsal horn (DH) superficial laminae with the involvement of ON-neurons and OFF-neurons in the RVM, and similar interaction with limina X neurons. The ultimate goal of the proposed study is to develop new feasible, specific and highly effective strategies for the treatment of pain syndromes of various genesis and to create new pharmacological approaches and medications for the treatment of pain. popup.description2 During the reporting period, research showed that activating TRPA1 and TRPM3 channels in sensory neuron terminals triggers calcium waves that enhance glutamatergic signaling within the dorsal horn, advancing our mechanistic understanding of central pain pathways. Additional findings revealed that descending control of nociception in lamina X is mediated by strong presynaptic inhibition from medullary OFF cells, with adrenergic mechanisms contributing to this regulation. Intense descending drive initially suppressed afferent input, followed by a gradual recovery linked to vesicle depletion and the dynamics of neuromodulator release. Methodologically, significant progress was made through the establishment of a whole mount immunostaining protocol capable of reliably distinguishing myelinated A fibers from unmyelinated C fibers, enabling precise assessment of regeneration patterns. Collectively, these studies delivered new mechanistic insights, robust systemic evidence, and advanced methodological tools that align with high international standards and help propel the field of pain research forward. Product Description popup.authors Serhei V. Romanenko Olha I. Kostiuk Oleh V. Halaidych Yuliia O. Dobropolska Tatyana A. Pivneva Dmytro Y. Duzhyi Kostiantyn V. Koroid popup.nrat_date 2026-02-12 Close