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Information × Registration Number 0226U002590, (0124U001988) , R & D reports Title Studying the role of receptors and ion channels in intracellular signaling of neurons during modeling pathological conditions of the nervous system – Alzheimer's disease and hypoxia popup.stage_title Дослідження ролі рецепторів та іонних каналів у внутрішньоклітинній сигналізації нейронів при моделюванні патологічних станів нервової системи – хвороби Альцгеймера та гіпоксії Head Lukyanets Olena O., Доктор біологічних наук Registration Date 28-02-2026 Organization Bogomolets Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine popup.description1 Study of the mechanisms underlying the development of Alzheimer's disease and hypoxia by exploring the relationships between pathological conditions and intracellular signaling through receptors and ion channels. This research aims to identify potential molecular targets for therapy and restoration of normal neuronal function in cases of Alzheimer's disease and hypoxia. popup.description2 A complex of fundamental studies aimed at elucidating the mechanisms of regulation of neuronal electrical activity, calcium homeostasis, and neuronal viability under normal and pathological conditions was conducted. The studies were performed on cultures of hippocampal neurons and sensory neurons of dorsal root ganglia using electrophysiological, fluorescent, and biochemical methods. It was established that burst electrical activity in hippocampal neuron cultures is formed due to ordered excitatory-inhibitory synaptic sequences with a leading role of inhibitory interneurons, while glutamatergic transmission is a necessary condition for the initiation and maintenance of burst discharges. It was shown that a decrease in extracellular Mg²⁺ concentration disrupts the regulation of NMDA receptors and causes calcium overload of hippocampal neurons, especially under Alzheimer's disease modeling. Memantine partially reduces these effects but does not ensure full recovery of calcium homeostasis, highlighting the important role of magnesium in neuroprotection. In sensory neurons of dorsal root ganglia, the kinetic heterogeneity of TRPV1-mediated calcium transients was established, as well as the mechanisms of their desensitization and sensitization involving TRPA1 channels, indicating functional interaction of calcium-permeable channels in nociceptive signaling. It was shown that increasing Mg²⁺ concentration in the culture medium has no cytotoxic effect on hippocampal neurons. Disruption of mitochondrial function even at ultra-low concentrations of the protonophore CCCP leads to a sharp inhibition of rhythmogenic activity of neurons, pointing to the critical role of the cell's energy state and Ca²⁺-dependent ion channels in maintaining neuronal excitability. The results expand modern understanding of ion-channel and metabolic mechanisms of neuronal function regulation. Product Description popup.authors Volodymyr A. Yavorskyi Ihor V. Melnyk Nataliia M. Rozumna Oleksandr M. Tarasenko Ilona I. Chentsova Ihor О. Lukianets Olena A. Petrushenko Mariia O. Petrushenko Vasyl А. Horbachenko Vyacheslav M. Shkryl Vita V. Hanzha Serhii V. Vrublevskyi Оlena O. Lukyanetz Volodymyr V. Olianin Andrii V. Drahan popup.nrat_date 2026-02-28 Close