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Information × Registration Number 0207U002542, 0104U003631 , R & D reports Title The elaboration of new treatment program for acute leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome patients who suffered from the Chornobyl accident with regard to their molecular-genetic data and multidrug resistance popup.stage_title Head Bebeshko V.G., Доктор медичних наук Registration Date 05-02-2007 Organization Research Centre for Radiation Medicine popup.description2 Object: patients with acute leukemia (AL) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) who suffered from the Chornobyl accident. Aim: to develop differential approach to treatment of AL and MDS in patients who suffered from Chornobyl accident with regard to their molecular-genetic data and multidrug resistance. Methods: clinical, morphological, immunological, cytogenetical, molecular genetic and statistical. The total number of patients was 142. Of these, there were 58 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 56 with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and 28 with MDS. There were 67 patients with the history of radiation exposure due to Chornobyl accident (30 ALL, 21 AML, and 16 MDS cases). The remaining 63 patients were not exposed to ionizing radiation (28 ALL , 35 AML, and 12 MDS cases) and served as controls.The results of the study demonstrated that leukema in exposed patients is characterized by multidrug resistance due to action of efflux pump, abnormal apoptosis and decreased number of targets for anticancer drugs. Patients with radiation-associated AL had multiple drug resistance determinants which make leukemic cells unsensitive to different types of cytostatic treatment. Leukemic cells in patients with radiation-associated AML compared to spontaneous cases more often were P-glycoprotein positive. P-glycoprotein overexpression significantly correlated with resistant disease. Leukemic cells in patients with radiation-associated diseases compared to spontaneous AML more often overexpressed antiapoptotic oncoprotein Bcl-2 and less often demonstrated expression of Fas receptor. Overexpression of apoptotic enhibitors BCL-2 and BCL-XL contribute significantly in drug resistance of radiation-associated ALL. Patients AL suffered from Chornobyl accident had high frequency of BCR/ABL translocation. Presence of Ph+ chromosome makes it reasonable to use imatinib, which greatly increases the efficacy of treatment. The cytoprotector amifostin can be used i hign dosage chemotherapy. The presence of numerical genomic rearrangements had the negative impact on the prognosis and served as a marker of leukemic transformation. The retinoids have to be used both for radiatio-associated and spontaneous MDS patients to stimulate the differentiation of the cells and improve patient's survival. Product Description popup.authors popup.nrat_date 2020-04-02 Close