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Registration Number

0215U007181, 0112U000272 , R & D reports

Title

Physiological, ecological and biotechnological bases of some Gentiana L. species conservation in vitro and in situ

Head

Drobyk Nadiya Mykhaivna,

Registration Date

17-02-2015

Organization

Volodymyr Gnatyuk Ternopil State Pedagogical University

Description

The object of the investigation: conservation of some Gentiana L. species of the Ukrainian flora in vitro and in situ. The aim of the work: the research of physiological, ecological and biotechnological peculiarities of Gentiana species in vitro and in situ. The methods of the investigation: population, ontogenetic, biometrical, atom-adsorptive spectrophotometry, cultivation of plant objects in vitro, statistical. The equipment used: laminar flow box with sterile airstream for cultivation work, electronic scales, analytical balance, atom-adsorptive spectrophotometer ААS С-115 М-1 and С-600, drying oven, thermostat, рН-meter, digital photocamera, computer and the corresponding soft. It was the first time when a complex study of Gentiana species populations, including the investigation of their ecotopes, areal, density, age, spatial, vitality structure, ability for renewal and self-maintenance, classification by "delta" and "omega" indices was done; there was established dependence of these population parameters on the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors. There were determined types of Gentiana populations' strategies by analyzing populations' state, ontogenesis peculiarities, ability to occupy and retain a territory and be competitive with other species. There were distinguished model Gentiana populations, one of which - the population on Pozhyzhevska mountain, was used for repatriation technology of G. lutea plants enrooted in vitro and adapted to ех vitro conditions. For the first time there was analyzed the elements composition of Gentiana plants and soils of their natural habitats, as well as plants in vitro from each population; there were studied the peculiarities of macro- and microelements accumulation in organs of G. lutea, G. acaulis, G. punctata plants and clarified the need of plants for them. There were described initial stages of Gentiana ontogenesis and found ontogenesis differences of these plants species in nature and culture in vitro: germination, cotyledon and real leaves appearance in vitro is much faster; the immature period of G. acaulis plants in vitro begins 1-2 years earlier. The distinguishing feature of these species cultivation in vitro is the formation of internodes, when in natural conditions they are characterized by radical rosettes. For the first time on the basis of complex study of physiological, ecological and biotechnological peculiarities of gentians in nature and in vitro there was developed a method of their conservation on the example of G. lutea, using biotechnological methods including rootage of microclonally propagated plants in vitro, transfer of the enrooted plants ех vitro conditions and in situ. The composition of nutrient medium and conditions of G. lutea cultivation in vitro were optimized. It was established that nutrient medium optimized by correlation of macro- and microelements in soil in which the mixture of agar and pearlite (1:4) was used as a supporting substrate was the most efficient. The share of viable enrooted in vitro plants after 120 days of cultivation constituted 91-94 %, adapted to ex vitro conditions - 70-73 %, and to in situ - 51 %. All this points to the efficiency of the developed method for restoration of G. lutea populations in the Ukrainian Carpathians and perspectives of its use in scientific and research practice for other plants requiring protection. Spheres of application: ecology and environmental protection, pharmaceutics, science.

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І.І. Конвалюк
А.І. Герц
В.М. Мельник
Л.Р. Грицак
М.З. Мосула
М.О. Твардовська
Н.Б. Кравець
Н.М. Дробик
О.М. Загричук
О.Ю. Майорова