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Information × Registration Number 0216U003442, 0111U003386 , R & D reports Title The workout selection methods for sunflower processing economic traits, including resistance to broomrape with the use of current methods of investigation popup.stage_title Head Popov Vitalii Mykolaiovych, Registration Date 03-03-2016 Organization PLANT PRODUCTION INSTITUTE ND. A. V. YA. YURYEV NATIONAL ACADEMY OF AGRАRIAN SCIENCES OF UKRAINE popup.description2 Research Object - genetic diversity of sunflower starting material by DNA markers. Objective - determination of enzyme activity, induction of double haploids and determination of DNA-marker polymorphism in different sunflower starting material. Methods - field, biochemical (determination of enzyme activity), biotechnological, molecular-genetic (polymerase chain reaction), statistical. Catalase, polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activities in the test sunflower accessions were higher than those in the standard of susceptibility. Determination of enzyme activity at early stages of breeding can be used as an indirect method for estimation of sunflower starting material for resistance not only to broomrape but also other pathogens. A biochemical technique for determining sunflower resistance to broomrape by catalase activity (Patent No UA79519U dd 04.25.2013 "A Method of Rapid Determination of Resistance to Broomrape (Orobanche cumana) in Sunflower Accessions) was developed. Crossing sunflower cultivated lines and wild species enabled creating interspecific hybrids. Initial genotypes have various androgenic ability. The trait "yellow plant tops" was identified in some specimens of interspecific hybrids. This trait was shown to be controlled by one gene. It inherited independently with respect to the traits of branchiness, color of ray flowers and pollen fertility restoration. Polymorphisms of 16 microsatellite loci was analyzed in a sample of inbred sunflower lines bred at the Plant Production Institute nd. a VYa Yuriev. The allele number ranged from 1 to 3. Altogether 35 alleles were identified in the sample. The expected heterozygosity was 0.405 ± 0.042. It was shown that allelic diversity differed, depending on the type of inbred lines. Mutant lines had the lowest average number of alleles per microsatellite locus (1.47 ± 0.52). The expected heterozygosity index in mutant, female and male lines was 0.120 ± 0.059; 0.356 ± 0.047; 0.389 ± 0.055, respectively. The allele number in interspecific hybrid accessions ranged from 1 to 3. Altogether 27 alleles were identified in the sample. On average, 2.07 ± 0.48 alleles fell to each microsatellite locus. The expected heterozygosity was 0.241 ± 0.079. Polymorphism was determined in sunflower inbred lines by markers linked to Or5 and Rf1 genes. It was shown that HRG01 and HRG02 markers split in F2 in the ratio of 3:1. In another cross combination the splitting was 1:1. Linkage analysis between HRG01 and HRG02 markers and Rf1 gene showed that they were in the same linkage group at the distance of 9.0 ± 2.7 (combination 1) and 7.0 ± 2.3 m.u. (combination 2) for the pair HRG01-Rf1, as well as 5.0 ± 1.9 (combination 1) and 10.0 ± 2.8 m.u. (combination 2) for the pair HRG02-Rf1. Intravarietal distribution of alleles in RTS05 and HRG01 loci was analyzed. It was revealed that 650 bp allele of RTS05 locus was found in sunflower varieties with a high frequency of 0.500 in the majority of the varieties investigated. 426 bp allele of HRG01 locus was only found in 12 (30%) sunflower varieties. Based on the results, Guidelines for Identification of Or5 Gene Determinating Resistance of Sunflower to Broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.) by SCAR-marker RTS05 (Plant Production Institute, 2015) and Method of Selection of Sunflower Genotypes by Molecular Markers (0111U003386) (Plant Production Institute nd. a VYa Yuriev, Laboratory of Sunflower Breeding and Genetics, act No 01/12 dd 07.09.2012) were published. ISSR-analysis of the genetic diversity of sunflower varieties revealed 110 fragments, of which 95 were polymorphic, which accounted for 86.4%. Polymorphism variability in sunflower varieties ranged within 50.0-100% (using UBC-02, UBC-834, and UBC-842 primers, respectively). Using the cluster method for grouping sunflower varieties, we constructed a tree in which all varieties are arranged in two clusters. Computer programs for analysis of genetic data were validated; on the basis of the validation results, Guidelines on Statistical Analysis of Genetic Data Using the Software Arlequin, Philyp, Clann, Structure, which are applied in the Plant Production Institute nd. a Vya Yuriev (Act No 49/14-B dd 06.16.14), Lviv National University nd. a I Franko (Act No 3 dd 17.06.14), Mykolayiv State Agrarian University (Act No 1 dd 06.26.14), Chernivtsi National University (Act No 4 dd 06.30.14) were published. Scope of Application: breeding of sunflower inbred lines Product Description popup.authors Акініна Галина Євгенівна Задорожна Ольга Анатоліївна Сахно Тамара Володимирівна Твердохліб Олена Володимирівна Тереняк Юлія Миколаївна Шарипіна Ярослава Юріївна popup.nrat_date 2020-04-02 Close