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Information × Registration Number 0217U004856, 0112U002625 , R & D reports Title The role of vitamin A, E, B1, PP, D3, ubiquinone and their coenzymes in support of specialized cells function in normal conditions and initiation of their death. popup.stage_title Head Veliky Mykola Mykolajovytch, Registration Date 10-03-2017 Organization A.V.Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of National Academy of Sciences popup.description2 Fundamental bases and molecular mechanisms of involving of vitamins : alpha-tocopherol (E), thiamine (B1), nicotinamide (B3), cholecalciferol (the D3), their metabolically active and coenzyme forms in the regulation of intracellular metabolism and intermolecular interactions in health and disease are shown. The ways of targeted and effective correction of disorders detected during the experimental model pathologies are proposed. Cytoprotective effect of alpha-tocopherol (alpha-TF) at the thymocytes and rat hepatocytes apoptosis induction conditions is provided by the inhibition of activation of Bax protein, which contributes to the inhibition of cytochrome c release from mitochondria. Alpha-TF promotes the activation of DT-diaphorase and the reduction of lipid accumulation in hepatocytes at the induction of their steatosis. Alpha-TF with shortened side chain to 6 atoms exhibits antitumor and antimetastatic effect at the models of Lewis lung carcinoma and Walker carcinosarcoma, similar to cis-platinum and alpha-retinoic acid. There is an inverse relationship between the expression and activity levels of key thiamine metabolism proteins on different etiologies thiamine deficiency models, which indicate the presence of inter-regulation mechanisms of these processes in the nervous cell. The cytoprotective effect of nicotinamide in pancreas, brain and liver cells at the streptozotocin-induced diabetes is provided by inhibition of PARP-1, which is accompanied by a decreased ROS level and increased cytochrome P450 2E1 expression. The processes of poly-ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins activated in rat brain and liver upon diabetes, are tissue-specific and connected with other NAD-dependent processes, such as the activity of histone deacetylase (SIRT1 and SIRT2). The glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis disturbances of mineral metabolism are accompanied by the oxidative-nitrosative stress induced changes of the expression of liver key enzymes of cholecalciferol and its derivatives (CYP27A1, CYP2R1, CYP27B1) hydroxylation, which leads to the deficiency of vitamin D3 and to impairment of VDR-mediated cell signaling pathways, which associated with impairment of NF-kB-dependent gene transcription and expression of proteins (OPG, RANKL and osteocalcin) determined for osteoblast / osteoclast interactions. Co-administration of vitamin D3 and alpha-tocopherol at the glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis effectively activates of the vitamin D3 25-hydroxylase in hepatocytes, facilitating to increase of the 25OHD3 level and normalize of mineral metabolism, osteosynthesis and functional state of phagocytes of peripheral blood. Product Description popup.authors Кузьменко О.І. Кучмеровська Т.М. Пархоменко Ю.М. Петрова Г.В. Шиманський І.О. popup.nrat_date 2020-04-02 Close