Registration Number
0219U001852,
0116U000692
, R & D reports
Title
To develop the methods of estimation of adaptability of crops with considering of trends in climate changes
popup.stage_title
Head
Feoktistov Pavlo Oleksandrovych,
Registration Date
14-03-2019
Organization
Plant breeding and genetics institute - National center of seed and cultivar investigation
popup.description2
The object of research - agrometeorological conditions of the south of Ukraine and physiology-biochemical mechanisms of resistance of genotypes of a winter wheat to abiotic factors. The purpose of work - to solve several questions of methodology of assessment and to develop system of an estimation of the basic agricultural crops of southern region to abiotic stress on the basis of studying of physiological mechanisms of formation and realization of adaptability and to create valuable source material for practical breeding. Methods of research - physiological, biochemical and agrobiological methods in natural conditions and conditions of an artificial climate with usage of biological statistics. Results: the analysis of the most important agricultural parameters of weather conditions of the autumn-winter period of southern region for the last 20 years has shown reduction of duration of the temperature conditions favorable for hardening of plants of winter crops; increasing in fluctuations of dynamics of duration of a favorable temperature mode for passage of the first phase of hardening of winter wheat plants; increasing in an index of continentality of climate; growth of a temperature background in autumn period; deterioration of conditions of moisture content due to increasing of ineffective and inefficient for an agriculture rains and downpours. The system of an estimation of agricultural cultures on resistance to negative influence of temperature stress is worked up on the basis of developed, modified and optimized for needs of practical breeding ways of an estimation considering the estimated tendencies of changes of weather conditions of southern region. The evaluation is given to 847 samples of four agricultural crops on four parameters of adaptability. А laboratory method for assessing the level of frost resistance of corn plants has been developed. Direct laboratory methods for evaluating the cold resistance of chickpea and barley plants have been developed and tested. Using the developed methods will allow the identification of sources and create a new breeding material with a high rate of germination at low positive temperatures.The created method makes it possible to conduct evaluation work on frost resistance at different phases of development, with due consideration for regenerative ability of plants. Prepared for printing methodical recommendations "Methods of determining the state of winter crops during wintering", intended for scientific and methodological support of the NAAS system and agricultural production of various forms of ownership" and "Evaluation of breeding material for heat resistance in the South of Ukraine", optimized for use in practical selection, taking into account calculated trends of weather conditions in the Southern region. Scope of application: research institutes of NAAS of Ukraine, agrarian and industrial complex.
Product Description
popup.authors
Блищик Дар'я Валеріївна
Гаврилов Сергій Володимирович
Нагуляк Олег Іванович
Феоктістов Павло Олександрович
popup.nrat_date
2020-04-02
