Registration Number
0220U001088,
0117U000306
, R & D reports
Title
To explore new areas of genetic improvement of plants from the achievements od modern genomics and marker-assisted breedind
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Head
Morgun V.V.,
Registration Date
23-01-2020
Organization
Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics NASU
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On the basis of a complex of the latest achievements of genomics, molecular and introgressive breeding, as well as genetic engineering methods, fundamental and practical principles of genetic improvement of winter wheat have been developed based on productivity, grain quality and resistance to adverse environmental factors. For the first time in Ukraine the use of physiological markers to evaluate winter wheat for drought resistance is justified. Effective biotechnology was developed and transgenic plants of soft wheat with the ornithine-?-aminotransferase gene of alfalfa were obtained, which are characterized by increased tolerance to water deficiency. Highly productive donors with increased resistance to drought, disease and pests are identified. The technology of marker-assisted breeding based on certain genetic determinants that control valuable traits of wheat grain quality has been developed. The level of distribution of valuable alleles of genes in varieties of foreign and Ukrainian breeding has been determined. By introducing foreign genetic plasma of wild egilops and hexaploid synthetic wheat, valuable breeding material was created with high grain productivity, baking and flour-milling quality. For the first time, new genetic systems have been introduced into the breeding process that cause a radical improvement in wheat in terms of protein content and quality, starch physical properties, key trace elements content and nutritional value of grain. A number of unique genotypes of allelic composition of spare protein genes have been obtained that can be used to create fundamentally new varieties of wheat for baking and confectionery use. The new direction of breeding of wheat of large use with improved nutritional integrity of grain is justified. Improved methods of selection of parent pairs in hybridization in order to increase the efficiency of winter wheat breeding. It is established that the highest probability of breeding high-yielding genotypes for the conditions of the Forest-Steppe Zone of Ukraine is provided by both simple and crossless (BC1) crossing of forest-steppe climatic zone varieties with Western European genotypes. In recent years (2017-2019), the Institute has created 20 winter wheat varieties, triticale, hybrid and 5 parent forms of corn. These varieties and hybrids are recognized at the state level by breeding achievements and entered in the State registers of plants of Ukraine, the Russian Federation and Moldova. Some varieties are subjected to State variety tests in Kazakhstan and Turkey.
Product Description
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Великожон Людмила Григорівна
Дубровна Оксана Василівна
Кірізій Дмитро Анатолійович
Моргун Богдан Володимирович
Моргун Володимир Васильович
Прядкіна Галина Олексіївна
Рибалка Олександр Ілліч
Сандецька Надія Василівна
Семерунь Тетяна Борисівна .
Скрипльов Володимир Олександрович
Стасік Олег Остапович
Хоменко Лілія Олексіївна
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2020-04-02
