Registration Number
0223U005886,
0121U000056
, R & D reports
Title
Management of the productivity of soybeans for resource-saving cultivation technologies in agrocenoses of grain short-rotation crop rotation in the Central Forest-steppe of Ukraine.
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Head
Rasevych Volodymyr V., Кандидат біологічних наук
Registration Date
31-12-2023
Organization
Cherkasy State The Agricultural Experimental Station of National Scientific Center "Institute of Agriculture of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine"
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A significant influence of the main tillage system and nutrition background on the growth, development, formation of productivity of soybeans, changes in agrophysical and agrochemical soil parameters was established. The use of No-till technologies contributed to a greater (by 3.4-9.3 mm) accumulation of productive moisture in the arable layer of the soil; lowering the soil temperature by 1.5-1.7 oC in a layer of 0-10 cm; an increase in the level of weediness by 4.9 - 8.6 times, an extension of TVP by 1 - 4 days.
Traditional plowing and surface cultivation provided optimal conditions for plant nutrition during the growing season of soybeans, where mineral nitrogen (Mn) and mobile phosphorus (P2O5) in the 0-40 cm layer were used, respectively, 1.8 and 2.3 times and 1.10 and 1.12 times more.
The largest number of fruiting elements per plant was formed on average with equal values against the background of plowing and surface cultivation – 27.7-47.8 beans, 61.7-111.9 seeds, 11.9-22.0 g of seeds and 2, 2-2.31 seeds per bib. The improvement of mineral nutrition under all tillage systems contributed to a greater formation of beans - by 1.62-1.72 times, the number of seeds and seed weight per plant - by 1.7-1.8 times. The cultivation of soybeans using No-till technologies ensured a significantly lower level of yield - 1.99-2.76 t/ha with a significant decrease - by 0.22-0.41 t/ha (8.8-13.1%) relative to plowing.
The highest indicators of economic efficiency and profitability were provided by surface tillage against the background of the application of mineral fertilizers in the dose of N45P45K45 and two-time foliar fertilizing with potassium humate in the stages of ontogenesis (VVSN 11-13, VVSN 61): with the lowest production costs of UAH 12,865/ha and production costs of UAH 4,150 /t received the highest conditionally net profit - UAH 28,458/ha and the level of profitability - 221.2%.
Scientific and practical recommendations have been prepared.
Product Description
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Tetereshchenko Nataliya M.
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2023-12-31
