Registration Number
0225U003737,
(0121U107836)
, R & D reports
Title
The substantiation of the principles of biochemical and DNA markers selection for the genotypes resistance assessment of Vitis vinifera L. grapes to fungal diseases agents
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Встановлення видів грибних патогенів комплексу ески винограду методом секвенування ДНК
Head
Muliukina Nina А., Доктор сільськогосподарських наук
Registration Date
11-08-2025
Organization
National Research Center "VE Tairov Institute of Viticulture and Enology"
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The aim of the project is to identify and select effective biochemical and DNA markers for resistance screening of grapevine selection material (Vitis vinifera L.) to fungal pathogens. The project identifies grape powdery mildew as the main target of disease control treatments by pesticides in plant protection schemes and grapevine esca, a fungal trunk disease of perennial wood, one of the most effective means of control of which is the sanitary certification of grapevine planting material. Different degrees of the causative agents' research lead to the need of DNA identification use for the esca agents because in contrast to European vine-growing countries for Ukraine this question remains open. The use of molecular markers of resistance to esca will focus on biochemical markers, primarily grape stilbenes. To assess the resistance of grape genotypes to powdery mildew, microsatellite DNA markers of resistance genes will be used and the most resistant grape genotypes will be evaluated (according to the field resistance assessment) selected by NSC “Tairov Research Institute of Viticulture and Wine-Making». The second step in identifying molecular markers of resistance to powdery mildew will be grape polyphenolic compounds screening, the concentration of which may be a sign that can be quickly assessed in hybrid populations. The final result of the project will be the database of molecular markers of resistance to grapevine fungal diseases and guidelines for the use of this database in breeding programs for resistance to fungal diseases of grapes creation.
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The research report includes 25 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables and 45
literary sources.
The aim of the work was to isolate fungi from grapevine trunks,
extract DNA and identify potential pathogens of Eska in Ukraine.
A visual inspection and assessment of endophytic lesions were carried out to
identify the degree of Eska infection (April and June 2023). A total of
500 plants of the Odessa Black variety and 750 plants of the Sukholiman White variety were examined (approximately 5% of the total number of plants on the
site). In the vineyards of the Odessa Black and Sukholiman White varieties, a delay in shoot development of up to 2 weeks (20% and 73%
respectively) and endophytic lesions of perennial wood (at the level of 10 and 32%
respectively) were detected. A survey of plants of the Cabernet Sauvignon, Riparia x
Rupestris 101-14 and Dobrynya varieties was carried out in the clonal and breeding plots, the degree of development of symptoms on the leaves and the level and nature of endophytic
lesions of the wood of the trunks were identified.
A group of plants was selected and samples of perennial wood were taken for
isolation of fungal isolates and subsequent DNA identification of pathogens.
Morphological evaluation of fungal isolates from grapevine plants with symptoms of
esca and asymptomatic ones allowed the detection of colonies that can be attributed to
pathogens of perennial grapevine wood diseases (including black
spotting - excoriosis).
Using PCR and sequencing, the species composition of fungi on
symptomatic plants and grapevine bushes with symptoms of
esca was determined.
Keywords: technical grape varieties, esca, eutyposis, botryosphere,
morphological characteristics, PCR, sequencing
Product Description
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Baranets Liudmyla O.
Karastan Olha M.
Leshchenko Alla O.
Mezerniuk Taras M.
Mulyukina Nina A
Papina Olena S.
Sliusarenko Oleksandr M.
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2025-08-11
