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0225U004832,
(0125U001272)
,
Development of an energy-efficient technology for drying plant material to produce dry rations for military personnel
Тепломасоперенос під час конвективного сушіння колоїдних капілярно-пористих матеріалів, що є основою продуктів швидкого приготування
Novikova Yuliia P., Доктор філософії
19-12-2025
Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of NAS of Ukraine
Development and testing of heated pallets for raw materials to intensify the drying process, which will allow the development of energy-efficient heat technology for the production of fast food products with increased calorie content for military personnel and the population in extreme conditions
Research has been conducted, based on the results of which methods for preparing raw materials for drying have been developed, reducing carotenoid losses to 5-8%, reducing folate losses to 15-30%, and preserving up to 90% of biologically active substances in the dried material. The kinetics of the drying process of plant raw materials were determined, which made it possible to develop energy-efficient stepwise drying modes that maximise the preservation of functional elements in the materials. For example, when dehydrating persimmons, the 100/65 ºC stepwise and 3800W/m2 +65 ºC combined drying modes intensify the process compared to 65 ºC by 1.92 and 1.63 times for cubes; by 1.75 and 1.82 times for shavings; 1.41 and 1.52 times for slices. The kinetics of heat and moisture exchange during the drying of carotene-containing materials were calculated, which showed a coincidence of theoretical and experimental data with an error of no more than 5%. The change in the drying optimisation criterion depending on the moisture content of the material was investigated, which substantiates the effectiveness of the proposed stepwise drying modes. The amount of carotenoids in the dried raw materials was determined, showing that the use of a combined and stepwise mode allows the amount of preserved carotenoids to be increased by 1.1 times. The rehydration properties of carotene-containing materials were determined, which demonstrated the feasibility of the developed drying modes. The equilibrium moisture content and optimal storage conditions for functional powders were determined, which made it possible to reduce the loss of quality indicators of these powders during long-term storage by 2 times. The specific heat consumption for drying mint leaves at temperatures of 40 and 50 ºC was obtained experimentally by the calorimetric method. The influence of volatile substances of peppermint essential oil on the heat of evaporation was revealed.
Yuliia Novikova
Tetiana Vyshnievska
Nataliia Malashchuk
Dmytro Manokha
2025-12-19
Updated: 2025-12-20
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