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Information × Registration Number 0226U002589, (0124U001988) , R & D reports Title Studying the role of receptors and ion channels in intracellular signaling of neurons during modeling pathological conditions of the nervous system – Alzheimer's disease and hypoxia popup.stage_title Дослідження ролі рецепторів та іонних каналів у внутрішньоклітинній сигналізації нейронів при моделюванні патологічних станів нервової системи – хвороби Альцгеймера та гіпоксії Head Lukyanets Olena O., Доктор біологічних наук Registration Date 28-02-2026 Organization Bogomolets Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine popup.description1 Study of the mechanisms underlying the development of Alzheimer's disease and hypoxia by exploring the relationships between pathological conditions and intracellular signaling through receptors and ion channels. This research aims to identify potential molecular targets for therapy and restoration of normal neuronal function in cases of Alzheimer's disease and hypoxia. popup.description2 The report summarizes the results of experimental studies aimed at investigating the cellular mechanisms of regulation of electrical activity in neurons of the central and peripheral nervous systems under physiological and pathological conditions. Primary focus is placed on the roles of synaptic transmission, calcium and magnesium signaling, ion channels, and intracellular organelles in the formation of neuronal excitability and network activity. It is demonstrated that burst electrical activity in the hippocampal neural network is emergent in nature and results from the interaction of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic processes, which are critically dependent on glutamatergic transmission. It was established that the disruption of calcium homeostasis is a key mechanism of neuronal injury in models of Alzheimer's disease, while the blockade of ryanodine receptors and modulation of extracellular magnesium concentration contribute to the reduction of neurotoxic effects. In sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia, the crucial role of TRPV1 channels in pain signaling was demonstrated. Prolonged exposure to capsaicin leads to their stable desensitization, which can be modulated via purinergic signaling, providing a basis for cellular modeling of chronic and inflammatory pain. It was found that the functional state of mitochondria significantly influences the impulse activity of hippocampal neurons. Inhibition of mitochondrial metabolism impairs the repetitive generation of action potentials, while limiting the calcium load partially compensates for these effects. A separate line of research is dedicated to the analysis of the nanometer organization of low-threshold calcium channels in thalamic neurons and the development of methodological approaches for recording ultra-small charge events. Product Description popup.authors Volodymyr A. Yavorskyi Ihor V. Melnyk Oleksandr M. Tarasenko Nataliia M. Rozumna Ilona I. Chentsova Ihor О. Lukianets Olena A. Petrushenko Mariia O. Petrushenko Vasyl А. Horbachenko Vyacheslav M. Shkryl Vita V. Hanzha Serhii V. Vrublevskyi Оlena O. Lukyanetz Volodymyr V. Olianin Andrii V. Drahan popup.nrat_date 2026-02-28 Close