Registration Number
0225U004366,
(0121U107836)
, R & D reports
Title
The substantiation of the principles of biochemical and DNA markers selection for the genotypes resistance assessment of Vitis vinifera L. grapes to fungal diseases agents
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Створення бази даних молекулярних маркерів стійкості до грибних хвороб винограду, методичні рекомендації щодо використання бази у селекційних програмах на стійкість
Head
Muliukina Nina А., Доктор сільськогосподарських наук
Registration Date
02-12-2025
Organization
National Research Center "VE Tairov Institute of Viticulture and Enology"
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The aim of the project is to identify and select effective biochemical and DNA markers for resistance screening of grapevine selection material (Vitis vinifera L.) to fungal pathogens. The project identifies grape powdery mildew as the main target of disease control treatments by pesticides in plant protection schemes and grapevine esca, a fungal trunk disease of perennial wood, one of the most effective means of control of which is the sanitary certification of grapevine planting material. Different degrees of the causative agents' research lead to the need of DNA identification use for the esca agents because in contrast to European vine-growing countries for Ukraine this question remains open. The use of molecular markers of resistance to esca will focus on biochemical markers, primarily grape stilbenes. To assess the resistance of grape genotypes to powdery mildew, microsatellite DNA markers of resistance genes will be used and the most resistant grape genotypes will be evaluated (according to the field resistance assessment) selected by NSC “Tairov Research Institute of Viticulture and Wine-Making». The second step in identifying molecular markers of resistance to powdery mildew will be grape polyphenolic compounds screening, the concentration of which may be a sign that can be quickly assessed in hybrid populations. The final result of the project will be the database of molecular markers of resistance to grapevine fungal diseases and guidelines for the use of this database in breeding programs for resistance to fungal diseases of grapes creation.
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An analytical review of the structure of information presentation on grape resistance markers in international databases and open sources of information (Vitis International Variety Catalogue (VIVC), INTEGRAPE Cost Action 17111 materials, Organization International of Vine and Wine (OIV) information, OENO One publications and other sources) was conducted. A structure of information presentation on varieties of breeding of the NSC "IViV named after V.E. Tairov" was proposed, which includes the name, parental combination of crossing, the presence of sources of resistance in the pedigree (varieties and species of Vitis), microsatellite profiles, potential (pedigree analysis) or according to other authors the presence of genes for resistance to mildew (Rpv) and oidium (Ren).
The components (components of the antioxidant protection system) for creating a "biochemical" model of a resistant variety were determined. It is advisable to comprehensively determine the levels of anthocyanins (proanthocyanidins), flavonols, catechins and phenolic acids in leaves and berries, the activity of antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase), as well as assess the total antioxidant activity by the method of oxidation of adrenaline hydrochloride.
An analysis of the origin data of complex-resistant varieties of selection of the NSC "IViV named after V.E. Tairov" was carried out, taking into account the presence of resistance genes in ancestral varieties and forms, varieties and forms were identified that are potentially carriers of resistance genes to mildew and oidium.
Methodological recommendations for performers of breeding programs that can be used for the selection of crossbreeding combinations have been developed.
Product Description
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Олександр М. Слюсаренко
Liudmyla O. Baranets
Olha M. Karastan
Olena S. Papina
Alla O. Leshchenko
Nina A. Muliukina
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2025-12-02
