Registration Number
0218U006285,
0112U007760
, R & D reports
Title
3 Population biology and genetics of woody plant spesies in antropogtnically pressured and radically transformed landscapes
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Head
Рirko Ya. V.,
Registration Date
11-04-2018
Organization
Institute of Food Biotechnology and Cenomics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
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The genetic polymorphism of the Quercus robur age-old trees from anthropogenically loaded and conventionally clean territories has been investigated in Kyiv with the use DNA markers and Donetsk region by with allozyme loci. Higher indexes of genetic polymorphism in plants of Quercus robur from conventionally clean territory were found in comparison with plants from anthropogenically loaded territories, both for DNA markers and for alozymic loci. The low level of interpopulation differentiation between sample plants Quercus robur of conventionally clean and anthropogenically loaded areas from different regions of the study has been established. The genotyping of 52 trees of Betula pendula in conditions of anthropogenically altered territory has been carried out in the granite quarry mining and quartz quarry mining of located in Zhytomyr region. Significant differences in genetic polymorphism in the two investigated groups of plants of Betula pendula have not been detected (Ne = 1,211 and 1,219; I = 0.240 and 0.252). Genetic polymorphism by means of 18 allozyme loci of two species of the genus Pinus, which are formed in faulted territories, has been studied. A lower level of genetic variability in the renewable population of Pinus sylvestris var. cretacea in the reserve "Creidyana flora" (Hе = 0.206, Но = 0.193) has been established than in the populations of P. sylvestris in the man-made landscape of soda production (Hе =0.275, Но = 0.243). Cytogenetic indices of plant species of the genus Pinus L. under different degree of anthropogenic loading have been investigated. Increasing the number of nuclei in the nucleus under the conditions of introduction and cumulative influence of factors of the technogenic environment has been noted. The possibility of using qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the nucleus and nuclei to determine the involvement of cytogenetic changes in offspring of introduced adaptations to growth has been established. Different trees of Ulmus minor for resistance to anthropogenic loading from a conventionally clean territory and a site with a strong anthropogenic pollution of the Dnipro River have been selected. Samples of resistant U. minor plants from a conventionally clean territory (Ne = 1,319-1,455; I = 0,260-0,391; РІС = 0,298) were more polymorphic than plants growing in areas with strong anthropogenic pollution (Ne = 1,256-1,267; I = 0.219-0.237; РІС = 0.178) for DNA markers. Plants of Acer platanoides, differing in terms of stability to exhaust gases of motor vehicles in an alley landing along the highway in Donetsk have been selected. The trend has been seen to a higher level of genetic variability in the nonresistant plants for allozyme loci in a sample of Acer platanoides along the city highway. Vegetative material for the analysis of poplar trees Populus tremula in the territory of the former valley of the river Lybid on the left ban and in the district of Darnitsa on the right bank (Kyiv) has been selected. Expected heterozygosity increased (Нe = 0,141 ± 0,012) in plants of anthropogenically loaded territory relative to plants of unpolluted territory (Нe = 0,123 ± 0,011). At the same time, higher indicators of both genetic diversity and clonality are typical of samples from more anthropogenic disturbed locations. Sustainable species of woody plants, capable of active self-restoration on chalk dumps of soda production, have been established. The tree plants form a mixed root system with a predominance of superficial horizontal roots in industrial waste dumps in the pioneer parcele. The latter are potential sources of further massive colonization of landfills.
Product Description
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Білоножко Ю.А.
Багдасарова А.Р.
Демкович А.Є
Калафат Л.А.
Коваль О.П.
Пірко Н.М.
Пірко Я.В.
Пастухова Н.Л.
Приваліхін С.М.
Рябоконь А.М.
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2020-04-02
