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0213U005188,
0107U012026
,
The studies of the allochton origion hydrocarbons flows through marine organisms and their communities as the base for evaluation of marine environment self-cleaning from the oil pollution.
Mironov O.G.,
04-04-2013
Kovalevsky Institute of biology of southern seas NAS Ukraine
Sulfate-reducing, denitrifying and thionic bacteria, isolated from bottom sediments, have showed biochemical activity with regard to oil hydrocarbons, that testifies about active participation these bacterial groups in the processes of self-cleaning in coastal zone of the Black Sea, Sevastopol region. The feeding of predatory mollusk Nassarius reticulatus detritophagous Abra segmentum, contaminated with crude oil, changes a composition of n-alkanes in tissues of predator: the light hydrocarbons С9, С10, С12 accumulate, content of С14 - С16 decreases, and hydrocarbon maximum shifts from С16 on С17, that corresponds to general regularity the accumulation of oil hydrocarbons in hydrobionts. Transfer the oil hydrocarbons through the food chain "bottom sediments - Abra segmentum (detritophagous) - Nassarius reticulates (predator)" was studied. Quantitative data on accumulation the oil hydrocarbons in the organisms of open aquatoria in the Black Sea coastal area, Sevastopol region were obtained. Bio-transfer the oil hydrocarbons through a food chain of mollusk Rissoa splendida the most common in Cystosira communities was 93%. Investigation the communities of macrozoobenthos allowed to pick out general tendencies of temporal and spatial changes in the dynamics of bottom communities under the impact of oil pollution and to carry out ecological indexation the status of coastal areas in Sevastopol region. Scale of indicator's species with account their belonging to a certain ecological group was constructed on the basis of long-term data about the composition of macrozoobenthos communities the plots with different level of oil pollution of bottom sediments in coastal zone of Crimea. Integral indices the pollution of bottom sediments and the assessments of ecosystem status according to the characteristics of macrozoobenthos groups are recommended for regional monitoring of coastal ecosystem status. Grid the sampling stations should cover not only "critical" sites, and also the control and relatively clean regions. New method the express-analysis of macrozoobenthos quantitative characteristics allowing to evaluate adequately the status of macrozoobenthos community for a less time is recommended for study the volley impact of the pollution on coastal ecosystems. Given a considerable abundance the aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and marine yeasts in bottom sediments, and their ability to growth on oil-products, that indicates to possibility of splitting the contaminants in natural conditions, it is recommended to take into account the contribution of microflora at evaluation the ability of coastal aquatoria to self-cleaning. Proposed mathematical model of transformation the allochthonous hydrocarbons by organisms in open regions of the Black Sea coastal zone of Sevastopol region allows to evaluate the influence of hydrocarbon concentrations in marine water on its content in biological objects. Adding into model the actual data about oil hydrocarbons in marine water gives a possibility to calculate probable content of petroleum hydrocarbons in studied biological objects.
Альомов С. В
Осадча Т.С
2020-04-02
Updated: 2025-12-07
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