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0221U000135,
0120U101628
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Liquid biofuels and microcrystalline cellulose - marketable biomass conversion products
Kashkovskiy Volodymyr I., Кандидат хімічних наук
02-01-2021
V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
The influence of an aqueous solution of alkali on the course of the process of explosive autohydrolysis at a temperature of 200 ° C with subsequent transformation of biomass into MCC was studied. It is established that under such conditions, in addition to mechanical destruction, there is a significant change in the composition of raw materials. It is shown how mechanical destruction affects the physicochemical characteristics of the obtained MCC. The influence of the liquor-to-solid ratio on the characteristics of cellulose is also found out. The possibility of optimizing the composition and structure of the obtained MCC is established. Alkaline ethanol transesterification of samples of used edible sunflower oil (0.5-1.4% of free fatty acids) was carried out under previously established optimal ranges of technological conditions in the presence of potassium ethylate obtained by the original patented method. The efficiency of a number of available adsorbents (samples of activated carbon, colloidal silicon dioxide, talc, metakaolin, bentonite) in dry washing of crude biodiesel after removal of excess ethanol was evaluated. Dry-washing has been shown to be effective in cleaning ethanol, glycerine, and potassium soaps, but only slightly reduces the concentration of monoglycerides and has almost no effect on the concentration of di- and triglycerides. Micro /mesoporous samples of activated carbon proved to be the most effective. The complete inefficiency of adsorbents for the removal of oligomeric compounds has been shown, as they do not allow to meet the requirements of the standard for the content of esters (≥ 96.5%). It is established that the only technological way to obtain fuel quality ethyl esters from used oils is vacuum distillation. The distillate contains more than 98% ethyl esters, less than 0.1% monoglycerides; di- and triglycerides are virtually absent, but the concentration of glycerine (0.03-0.13%) exceeds the permissible 0.02%.
Yevdokymenko Vitaly O.
Zubenko Stepan О.
Kamenskyh Dmytro S.
Konovalov Serhiy V.
Patryliak Liubov K.
Povazhnyi Volodymyr А.
Tkachenko Tetiana V.
Yakovenko Angela V.
2021-01-02
Updated: 2025-12-07
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