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Information × Registration Number 0222U002032, 0117U004345 , R & D reports Title Molecular mechanisms of involving of vitamins, them metabolically active derivatives and coenzymes in cell regulator systems functioning in norm and pathological states. popup.stage_title Head Veliky Mykola Mykolajovych, д.б.н. Registration Date 09-02-2022 Organization Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine popup.description2 In the model of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis caused by long-term administration of prednisolone, a decrease in tissue expression of mRNA and cytochrome P450 isoform protein, vitamin D receptor protein (VDR), a marker protein of osteosynthesis - osteocalcin and increased expression of PPARγ mRNA, which indicated inhibition of osteoblast-mediated bone formation. The ability of vitamin D3 to reduce the pool of preosteoclasts, normalize contents of RANKL and RANK, inhibit prednisolone-induced activation of NF-κB p65 and stimulate NO-induced apoptosis of osteoclast precursors in bone marrow has been demonstrated. The use of nicotinamide (NAm) and nicotinoyl-GABA (N-GABA) in type 1 diabetes normalized changes in the expression levels of glial fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilaments (NF), SIRT2 protein, proapoptotic protein Bax, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), accompanied by intensification of oxidative stress in the brain of rats. The study of the mechanisms of neurotropic action of thiamine (vitamin B1) shows that under conditions of oxidative stress, reproduced in the model of alimentary thiamine deficiency, reduces the synthesis of coenzyme thiamine (ThDP) and increases its conversion to oxidized form. The involvement of bioinformatics programs has predicted the composition of thiamine-binding protein as a complex with at least two proteins: Agrin and LRP4, known as components of the acetylcholine receptor cluster. The hypothesis of the possibility of posttranslational modification of proteins in cells by "thiamination" (formation of disulfides with thiamine or oxidized thiamine diphosphate) under oxidative stress has been confirmed. Product Description popup.authors Vasylevska Valentyna Mykolayivna Guzyk Mykhailo M. Zlatoys Nataliya Valeriyivna Kuchmerovska Tamara Murativna Lisakovska Olha O. Labudzynskyi Dmytro O. Lototcka Olena Uhymivna Mazanova Anna Oleksandrivna Makarova Olena O. Mezhenska Olha Olexandrivna Moiseeva Ludmyla Georgiivna Pavlova Oleksandra Serhyivna Parkhomenko Julia M. Pasichna Elvira Pavlivna Protasova Zoya S. Stepanenko Svitlana Petrivna Tykhonenko Tetiana M. Khalimon Tetiana V Khomenko Anna Victororivna Cherednichenko Raisa Oleksiyivna Chehivska Liliya Ivanivna Shimanskiy Igor O. Shpak Anna Victororivna popup.nrat_date 2022-03-09 Close