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Registration Number

0225U003452, (0121U109728) , R & D reports

Title

Theoretically substantiate and develop promising systems of organic farming in relation to climate change in the forest-steppe of Ukraine

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Визначити трансформацію органічної речовини і зміни біологічної та мікробіологічної активності сірого лісового грунту за органічної системи удобрення

Head

Dehodiuk Stanislav Е., Доктор сільськогосподарських наук

Registration Date

30-06-2025

Organization

National scientific centre "Institute of Agriculture of the Ukrainian Academy of Agrarian Sciences"

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Theoretically substantiate the conduct of organic farming on the model of short-rotation crop rotation on gray forest soil to ensure high yields and quality of crop products.

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 It was found that the use of cattle litter (12 t/ha of crop rotation area) in field short-rotation crop rotation on gray forest soil contributed to an increase in the number of microorganisms of agronomically valuable (physiological) groups by an average of 62%, their diversity, as well as the activation of the processes of microbial transformation of organic substances by 24% and an increase in the intensity of CO2 emission by 40% compared to the control (without fertilizers). A promising direction in preserving potential soil fertility is the use of organo-mineral bioactive fertilizers (OMBD), which have fertilizing, sorption, ion-exchange and biotic properties. The introduction of OMBD created conditions for the intensification of soil cellulolytic activity by 48% and the slowing down of organic matter mineralization processes by 47%, which contributed to the accumulation of organic compounds in the soil and, accordingly, an increase in the total humus content to 1.33% and its reserves to 35.9 t/ha compared to the control (1.0% and 27.0 t/ha). It was found that the use of cattle litter, by-products and OMBD increased the nitrogen stock of the soil by 4.2-14.0 mg/kg with a hydrolyzed N content in the control of 49.0 mg/kg. The content of mobile phosphorus in the arable (0-20 cm) layer corresponds to an increased and high level of provision with this element and is 188-225 mg/kg with a content in the control of 165 mg/kg. With the systematic introduction of by-products, a clear trend towards an increase in mobile potassium in the soil by 12-55 mg/kg was identified. The level of supply of gray forest soil with mobile forms of K2O was within 183-230 mg/kg, which corresponds to the increased and high levels of its supply. With these fertilization systems, an increase in the yield of field crops was obtained: winter wheat grain - up to 44%, buckwheat - 56% and peas - 28% with yields in the control - 3.72, 1.19 and 2.63 t/ha, which contributed to a decrease in the cost

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2025-06-30