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Information × Registration Number 0226U002264, (0121U110055) , R & D reports Title Determination of molecular processes involved in the development of preeclampsia through the integration of transcriptome, proteome and metabolic data in the human placenta popup.stage_title Тканиноспецифічні особливості експресії генів в плаценті людини за умов фізіологічного перебігу вагітності і прееклампсії Head Obolenska Mariia Yu., д.б.н. Registration Date 12-02-2026 Organization Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics of NAS of Ukraine popup.description1 Preeclampsia is a life-threatening disease of pregnant women, which occurs with a frequency of 5-10% in the world and is characterized by high blood pressure and the appearance of protein in the urine after the 20th week of pregnancy. In case of untimely termination of pregnancy, preeclampsia turns into eclampsia - convulsions, which often end in the death of mother and child. Placental dysfunction plays a leading role in the occurrence of preeclampsia. The aim of the project is to conduct a systematic analysis of the transcriptome, proteome and metabolite in the human placenta under physiological conditions of pregnancy, preeclampsia and in women smokers, in whom the incidence of preeclampsia is twice lower than in women who do not smoke. Identifying the factors that contribute to and support the disease and that prevent its occurrence is one of the features of this project. To achieve the main goal of the project, two approaches will be used - bioinformatics analysis of publicly available data and experimental studies aimed at validating the results of bioinformatics analysis, search for new markers of the pathological process and factors that contribute to seizures. popup.description2 Objective. The aim of this study was to analyze the functional roles of genes classified into specific categories within the largest clusters of differentially expressed genes identified between the first and second trimesters of physiological pregnancy in the human placenta. Results. Among the clusters of differentially expressed genes, several functional groups were identified, including pattern recognition receptors and the complement system, mechanisms of potential pathogen neutralization, immune cell migration, as well as transplacental IgG transport and immune tolerance. Pattern recognition receptors are subdivided into those that interact with antigens via host proteins that specifically bind antigens (opsonin receptors) and those that directly interact with pathogens or host cells destined for apoptosis (non-opsonin receptors). The former include complement system receptors, which are key components of innate immunity. In particular, the genes C1QA (1.37), C1QB (1.33), and C1QC (1.12) function as initiating genes of the complement system. Non-opsonin receptors include scavenger receptors. Neutralization of potential pathogens or damaged host cells occurs within lysosomes and inflammasomes, where genes of the NADPH oxidase system are activated. Additionally, genes responsible for the migration of immune cells from the bloodstream into placental tissue are upregulated, accompanied by enhanced synthesis of numerous pro-inflammatory cytokines. Conclusion. During the transition from the first to the second trimester of gestation, pro-inflammatory processes develop in the human placenta, likely in response to hypothetical factors of prokaryotic origin or to products of host cell damage, through the activation of innate and adaptive immune mechanisms. Product Description popup.authors Frolova Alina O. Martseniuk Olha P. Chabanova Mariia V. Rodriguez Ruslan Reynaldovych Oleksandr K. Lykhenko popup.nrat_date 2026-02-12 Close